History of the department

The Department of Pathological Anatomy was established in 1939. The first head of the department was MD Professor Sipovsky Peter Vasilevich. He led the department from 1939 to 1947 and dealt with issues of endemic goiter. Under his leadership, a histological laboratory was first established in the republic.

After the Great Patriotic War from 1947 to 1949, the department was headed by Dr. med. Professor - Savin K.N.

From 1950 to 1957, the head of the department was Professor Gulkevich Yuri Valentinovich, who dealt with the problems of teratology and stillbirth. From 1958 to 1964, the head of the department was MD, professor Monastyrskaya Bella Iosifovna. She studied changes in the adenohypophysis during pregnancy, stress, x-ray irradiation in high altitude conditions.

From 1964 to 1966, Elena Petrovna Smolicheva worked as the head of the department. For many years, the department was headed by MD Professor Savina Raisa Ivanovna (from 1966 - 1995). The morphological and functional state of the endocrine glands was studied for a variety of pathologies. It is known that endocrine glands play an important role in the humoral interaction of organs, tissues and cells. As a result, the morphological structure of the endocrine glands depends on the state of the body and the process regulated by the glands, subject to the feedback principle.

From 1995 to 2007, she headed the department of Ph.D. Associate Professor Naudinova N.V. Employees of the department conducted a comprehensive study of endocrine glands with perinatal pathology. The perinatal period, especially the birth of a child and the first days of his life, is the most difficult, in many respects decisive, moment in a person’s life. The endocrine system plays an important role in the adaptation of the newborn's body to the new conditions of existence. It has been proven that with asphyxia in the endocrine glands, microcirculatory disturbances in the form of stasis, plethora, red blood cell diapedesis, perivascular hemorrhages, and sludge syndrome came to the fore. A change was observed in the adrenal glands in the form of a spasm of sinusoidal capillaries.

From 2007 to 2011, he headed the department of dm. n Ibodov S.T. During this period, the department staff studied the morphological structures of the lymphoid formations of organs in normal and pathological conditions in the postnatal period. Theme of doctoral dissertation S.T. Ibodova "Structural characteristics of the glandular and lymphoid apparatus of the human duodenum and in the experiment in rats under the action of cold and in high mountains." It is proved that the glandular apparatus of the human duodenum, represented by duodenal and intestinal glands, is characterized by significant variability. Duodenal glands in the amount of 300 - 680 are located proximal to the duodenum-jejunum bend; their initial sections (from 1 to 6 in the gland) are located exclusively in the submucosa, forming a continuous “field” at the upper part of the intestine, located in the form of predominantly longitudinal rows in the descending part of the intestine, singly and in small groups in the horizontal and ascending parts of the intestine. The size, number of duodenal and intestinal glands does not depend on the topographic-anatomical variant of the intestine. By birth, duodenal and intestinal glands are structurally formed. The number and size of these glands are maximum at the age of 22 -35 years, after which their involutive changes begin. Lymphoid formations of the human duodenum (diffuse lymphoid tissue, lymphoid nodules without and with reproduction centers) are located mainly near the duodenal and intestinal glands. Lymphoid tissue in the walls of the human duodenum reaches maximum development in early childhood. In the sphincter areas of the duodenum (postpiloric, peripheral and duodenal sphincter) throughout the postnatal ontogenesis there is an increase in the number and length of lymphoid nodules, the number of duodenal glands and the thickness of their initial sections, compared to adjacent sections of the intestinal wall. Under the influence of high altitude factors, the length and thickness of the initial section of the duodenal glands decrease in the excretory ducts and the length of the intestinal glands in the walls of rat duodenum.

From September 2011 to 2012, the department was headed by Ph.D. H. Boronov. The topic of the Ph.D. thesis is “Morphological characteristics of the lymphoid formations of the glands of the human gallbladder in normal and pathological conditions”, which H. Boronov defended in 2009. The study revealed that the wall of the gallbladder in people of different ages has developed lymphoid structures located mainly in their own plate of the mucous membrane. Lymphoid formations of the gallbladder are represented by diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymphoid nodules without reproduction centers. The cell composition of diffuse lymphoid tissue and lymphoid nodules of the gallbladder wall is of the same type and is represented by small, medium and large lymphocytes, lymphoblasts, macrophages, mitotically dividing cells, as well as cells with a picture of destruction. The structure of the glands of the gallbladder, their morphometric characteristics are distinguished by significant age and anatomical variability. Individual differences in size, shape are most pronounced in the elderly and senile ages. In newborns, in the glands of the gallbladder with atresia of the cystic duct, they significantly change compared to the norm, which is manifested in a decrease in the width and length of the initial sections, the number of initial parts in their composition.

In 2012, by the decision of the Academic Council, the Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine was merged into one department and headed the Department of MD Khushkadamov Z.K. The staff of the department dealt with issues of changes in internal organs during thermal lesions.

Since August 2016, by the decision of the Academic Council of TSMU named after Abualibni Sino, associate professor Sharipov H.Yu. was appointed head of the department

Today, the department has 17 key employees and 6 part-time employees. The main teachers are: head of the department, candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, “Excellent student of the Ministry of Education and Science” Sharipov H.Y .; senior teacher Tagoykulov E.Kh., assistants - Salimova N.K., Mirzoeva S.R., Masaidova L.V. Kurbonova I.Sh., Davlatova Sh. Rakhmonova M.K., Askaralizoda F., Imomnazarova N.A. , Akhmedova R.R., Kozlova T.Yu., Makhmadalieva G.S., Abdulloeva F.R., Gadoeva M.A., Sangova F.R., Mavlonov M.A., part-time workers: Yorov S., Dzhuraev O.S., Khabirova S.Z., Khafizova A., Fozilov A, Almaty A. laboratory assistants Girdakova X, Tabarova P.