The examination of contemporary terminological issues through the correlation of linguistic, scientific, and technical phenomena will enable the resolution of one of the key challenges in modern linguistics - specifically, the relationship between linguistic function and structure. Identifying the linguistic forms that reflect scientific and technological progress, as well as studying the influence of scientific objects and human factors on the interaction of specific terminological phenomena, will allow for the determination of the extent to which linguistic phenomena are conditionally interrelated. Moreover, identifying the main trends in the development of the modern medical terminological system, alongside analyzing the interaction between the terminological systems of science, technology, and medicine, in contrast with general literary language, will further enhance our understanding.

The primary focus of the study was English medical terminology, encompassing its key areas: anatomy, clinical practice, pharmacology, and emerging fields such as space medicine, medical technology, cryomedicine, immunology, telemedicine, medical radiology, laser medicine, computer-assisted medicine, biomedicine, genetic engineering, and other branches of modern medicine. Medical terms were selected with consideration of their time of origin, particularly those recently formed and documented in foreign journals, monographs, articles, and specialized dictionaries.

It can be observed that in English, there is a notable trend towards an increase in compositional semantic structures—complex terms and discontinuous nominative units, often represented as multi-component terminological expressions. Approximately 90% of all new terms developed in the second half of the 20th century were compound terms or multi-component terminological phrases.

This paper analyzes the lexicon of specific term models and investigates the technical processes by which terms were created during each historical period. The study also explores not only the structure of term models but also the sources of lexical material. This process reveals how terms were designed to reflect the semantics of real-world phenomena, ultimately creating a comprehensive overview of English medical term formation in the second half of the 20th century.

The practical significance of this scientific work, validated through pedagogical applications, demonstrates that the study can contribute to the further development of the general theory of terminological nomination and enhance our understanding of the evolution of nomination methods and means in the English language as a whole. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of the contemporary medical terminological system may significantly contribute to the theoretical exploration of professional medical lexical systems, the general theory of the word, and the theory of the term, as well as to the development of issues surrounding the formation of terminological systems. Several propositions and findings may yield practical applications in lectures and seminars on lexicology, find utility in lexicographic practice, aid in the development of textbooks for teaching English to professionals and medical students, and provide valuable recommendations for English teachers in medical schools. Furthermore, this work will serve as a foundation for future research on terminology.

Karimova Muqaddas

Translated by Ismoilov R.