Tajikistan’s initiatives to counter extremism and terrorism have been prominently addressed by the Founder of Peace and National Unity - Leader of the Nation, the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, His Excellency Emomali Rahmon at prestigious international forums. The imperative of a collective approach to combating these critical threats has been underscored in these discussions. In this context, the Leader of the nation has consistently emphasized that “terrorists and extremists have no homeland, nation, or religion”. He has further argued that the global nature of terrorism and extremism necessitates the development and adoption of a unified, standardized framework and shared definitions for these concepts.

In 2020, the President of the Republic of Tajikistan issued a decree approving the “Strategy for Countering Extremism and Terrorism in the Republic of Tajikistan for 2021-2025”. This strategic document establishes the objectives, priorities, and guiding principles of national policy in combating extremism and terrorism. Additionally, Tajikistan adopted a unified Concept on Combating Terrorism and Extremism to enhance the effectiveness of its counter-terrorism and counter-extremism measures, aligning these efforts with both national legislation and international obligations.

The Concept provides a structured framework for understanding the content, primary directions, and methods essential to combating terrorism and extremism, encompassing key aspects of the state policy of the Republic of Tajikistan in this domain. With terrorism and extremism posing a growing threat to the security of nations and regions worldwide, these phenomena represent an escalating risk of public harm on a global scale. The analysis of developments in counter-terrorism and anti-extremism efforts reveals that the primary threat to Tajikistan and the broader region is now posed by international terrorism, which increasingly operates with transnational and global reach. Throughout the establishment and consolidation of Tajikistan as an independent, sovereign state, both terrorism and extremism have repeatedly manifested within its borders. Targets of terrorist activities have included state and public officials, foreign diplomatic missions, and critical infrastructure essential to public welfare. Recently, a notable trend has emerged linking terrorism with various forms of transnational crime - such as drug and arms trafficking, which serve as key funding sources, as well as mercenarism, kidnapping, and illegal migration.

In our view, science, education, and national ideology serve as critical sources of resistance against terrorism. Given contemporary demands and the evolution of the global internet, it is essential to incorporate the subject "Problems and Threats of Information Warfare" into the curriculum of both general and higher educational institutions. This inclusion allows for a comprehensive appreciation of the role of national ideology as a formidable force of resistance. National ideology functions as a guiding principle for the nation, empowering it to withstand various threats and intimidation.

The fight against extremism and terrorism must be a truly national and collaborative effort; therefore, the active participation of all political institutions, as well as the engagement of society as a whole, is crucial.

Department of social sciences,

Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

translated by Ismoilov R.